【www.haohaowg.com--经典散文】
篇一：
（群合）各位朋友，广州中山纪念堂欢迎您！
【孙中山简介1】
①整座厅堂恢弘大气，因为他纪念了一位伟人。伟人是谁？他就是民主革命先行者孙中山。孙中山生于1866年广东省翠亨村，早年在澳门、广州等地行医，他主张革命推翻满清皇朝。于是1895年组织了中国最早的资产阶级革命团体——兴中会，19xx年在日本创立了中国第一个资产阶级革命政党——中国同盟会，提出“驱除鞑虏，恢复中华，建立民国，平均地权”十六字纲领，以及民族、民权、民生的“三民主义”学说，从此，掀起近现代革命的风暴。
【孙中山简介2】
①孙中山先生不仅是伟大的民主革命先行者，还是海峡两岸的精神纽带。孙先生的一生都在为民族独立、国家富强、人民幸福而奋斗。他领导人民推翻清王朝，结束中国两千多年的封建帝制。他提出“联俄、联共、扶助农工”三大政策，实现了国共合作。他投身国民革命四十年，任何外来威胁、内部分裂和暂时失败，都不能动摇他的革命意志。1925年3月12日，中山先生逝世了，我们可以告慰孙中山先生的是，他一生追求的振兴中华的目标，他所憧憬的一个现代化中国的美景，正在一步步地变成活生生的现实。
【纪念堂选址及布局】
①中山纪念堂占地面积6万平方米，大家看，这里的总体布局呈方形，坐北朝南，左右对称，庄重肃穆。是广州最具标志性的建筑之一，是全国重点文物保护单位。眼前这片土地可谓是风水宝地，在清代就已是督练公所，用来接待达官贵人，地位就相当于今天的广东迎
宾馆，民国初年更是广东都督府的所在地。1921年孙中山就任非常大总统时的总统府，也设在这里。中山先生逝世后，广东人民就在此地建造了这座建筑来缅怀这位伟人。也正是这片土地，见证了广东近现代的风云巨变和蒸蒸日上的发展景象。
【纪念堂广场及铜像】
①各位朋友，现在我们来参观纪念堂广场和铜像。大家看，这里有一大片绿茵茵的草坪，环境优美。孙中山先生全身塑像屹立在中央的白色花岗岩基座上，纪念堂的主建筑则位于台阶的后方。堂前广场的东、西二侧各耸立着一座云鹤华表和旗杆，堂后的东西二侧还各建有一座二层的配楼。
②这座孙中山先生塑像是19xx年11月12日，由著名雕刻家尹积昌等人创作的，所塑的是孙中山先生在中山大学演讲时的造型，下面还刻有《国民政府建国大纲》。19xx年纪念堂经过全面维修后，屹立在此的孙中山先生塑像已用全铜质重塑，现在的这座铜像高5.5米，总重为3.9吨。
【纪念堂外观及装饰】
①朋友们，您发现了吗？其实中山纪念堂是一座八角形宫殿式建筑，建筑面积为1.2万平方米。请看，东西南北四座重檐歇山顶拱托着中央巨大的八角攒尖顶，红柱黄墙衬着蓝色的琉璃瓦，瓦面高低四层，层层飞檐出卷。大家请看，正面檐下悬挂着孙中山先生手书的“天下为公”的金字匾，檐下朱色大石柱拱托着彩绘的廊檐和镶有拼花图案的天花板。再看一下四周的基座和石阶梯级都是白色花岗岩，既庄重又典雅。整座建筑装饰富丽堂皇，富有浓郁的民族风格和中国传统建筑的艺术特色。
【设计师吕彦直简介】
①中山纪念堂由吕彦直所设计。他是20世纪20年代中国建筑界
的一位杰出人物。但可惜的是英年早逝。1894年7月28日出生于天津，1929年3月18日逝世于上海。去世时年仅35岁，但在35年的生命旅程中，他最终把自己的生命凝结成了两大巨作。南京中山陵和广州中山纪念堂。大家留意了吗？纪念堂，在外表上富有中国传统建筑风格，而内部结构上则采用了西方的建筑技术。既华丽壮观，又能适应现代集会的需要，是当时亚洲规模最大，功能最先进的大型会堂。
【建筑特点1】
①整座纪念堂的建筑有4个特点，第一个特点就是它的结构。纪念堂的结构非常巧妙，从外面看，是中式的民族风格，让人误以为是全木结构。但是，当大家坐在这里的时候，您就会发现，整座建筑是采用西式的现代建筑技术——钢筋混凝土来构成。大家看，大堂南北各宽71米，从地面到顶端高达58米，上方有大跨度的钢桁架，运用了建筑力学的结构原理，支撑住整个屋顶，形成了巨大的空间。坐在这里，您是不是感觉豁然开朗呢？大堂里的观众席分为楼上楼下两层，共有8座楼梯，11个门口，设计相当合理。所以，今晚才能有5000多位朋友在这里相聚一堂，欣赏这场精彩的比赛。
【建筑特点2】
①纪念堂的建筑结构非常巧妙。现在请大家往四周看，可能各位都会非常的惊讶，这么大的会堂怎么会看不到一根柱子支撑顶盖呢？其实这里共有八根柱子，但都被设计师吕彦直巧妙地藏在了大家周围的内墙中，这些柱子支撑着四个跨度约为30米的大型钢结构桁架，钢桁架上又支撑着四个主桁架，构成了一个八角形的顶盖，外形上看就像是一把张开着的雨伞一样。
②第三个特点是光线，纪念堂的顶盖分为三层，最下层是装饰用的云纹色彩的斜形方格，中层镶嵌有玻璃天窗，最上层是一个乳黄色的弧形圆顶。各位要留意了，如果大家在白天的时候参观会堂，会发
现这里即使不开灯，也十分得光亮。光线正是通过大面积的嵌花玻璃直接射入堂内，使整个会堂无需亮灯，也光线充足。采光效果极佳。
【建筑特点3】
①第四个特点是视线和声音。请大家跟我一起来鼓掌。1…2…3…您感受到了吗？纪念堂内是没有任何回音的。请大家往我这边看一看，您不难发现，整个大堂的视线是非常开阔的。这种构造，都是建筑师吕彦直巧妙的设计。
②我们所站的这个舞台，宽19米，深15米。舞台后面镶刻的是著名的“总理遗嘱”。接下来，请大家随我移步到大堂外面，去看看那里的古木名树。
【古木名树和纪念堂的现状】
①朋友们，来到纪念堂的北门，大家看到的这棵木棉树。对了，它就是被称为广州的木棉花王。已经有3xx年的历史了。
②在纪念堂前的这两棵白玉兰，您别小看它们都有近百年的树龄了。而且它们的树荫覆盖面积都已经超过200平方米，是广州树龄最老 树荫覆盖面积最大的白玉兰。朋友们，孙中山的一生大家耳熟能详。作为中国民主主义革命的先驱，他用毕生的精力一手缔结了中华民族历史第一个民主政权，他的高尚情操与极其纯粹的革命理想主义使得他被后世公认为中国革命的先行者。朋友们，百年理想，不朽厅堂，尽在中山纪念堂
篇二：
The Sun Yant-Sen Memorial Hall
Sun Yat-sen was the forerunner of the Chinese bourgeois democraticrevolution. He was born on November 12, 1886 in a farmer’s family in the Cuiheng Village in Xiangshan County in Guangdong Province. At the age of 12, he went to Honolulu, where his elder brother sent him to a missionary school. Later, he came back to Hongkong to sudy in a college of Western medicine and, after graduation, practiced medicine in Guangzhou and Macao. So, ever since he was a child, he had been influenced by the Western ideas of Christianity and democracy and this had helped him make up his mind to cure the ills of the old feudal China and turn it into a democratic and strong nation. At first, he had illusions about the Qing government and hoped to save this moribund regime through reforms. But, China’s defeats by foreign invaders and the corruption and incompetence of the Qing government intensified his patriotic indignation. He decided that the Qing court was rotten to the core and must be overthrown and replaced by a democratic republic.
So, in 1894, together with some twenty Chinese shop-keepers and farm-owners in Honolulu, he established the first Chinese bourgeois revolutionary organization—the Society for the Revival of China. In the following spring, he returned to Hongkong and staged
the first armed uprising against th Qing Dynasty in Guangzhou; but it ended in failure. Then, in 1905, he went to Japan, where he founded China’s first political party called “China Revolutionary League”, which later developed into the Nationalist Party. Since then he had made successive attempts to topple the Qing regime and finally succeeded in the Wuchang Uprising that broke out in October 1911. The Qing regime was overthrown and he was elected the provisional president of the interim government of the Republic of China in Nanjing. This political power, however, was soon taken over by the warlords. Then in 1920, Sun Yat-sen came back to Guangzhou to set up a new government called the South Revolutionary Gvernment. In 1921, he proclaimed his extraordinary presidency in Guangzhou. In 1925, he died of illness in Beijing and was buried later in Nanjing.
Sun Yat-sen had devoted all his life to the cause of the Chinese democratic revolution, and the 1911 revolution he led had put an end to the feudal monarchy that had existed in China for several thousand of years. To commemorate his great contributions to the Chinese revolution, people of Guangzhou had this memorial hall built in 1929-1931, at the original site of the former presedential house of the South Revolutionary Government, which was burned down in 1922 by a rebel warlord,Chen Jiongming by name.
The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall is an octagonal palace-like
reinforced concrete structure, 58 meters high with a floor space of 12 thousand square meters. It looks like a traditional Chinese palace in appearance but was constructed with modern architectural technique. In front of the hall stands a bronze statue of Sun Yat-sen, which is5.5 meters high and weighs 3.9 tons. Up on the facade below one of the eaves is written Sun Yat-sen’s motto, meaning “China Belongs to the People” in English. Inside the building is a conference hall with a seating capacity of 3,238 people. And, thanks to the ingenious designing of the architect, the acoustics of the hall are excellent and there is no pillar to obstruct the spectator’s view because the eight pillars sustaining the four long-spanned steel trusses supporting the huge dormed roof, are hidden in the walls. Today, the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall is still one the main places for mass meetings or theatrical performances in Guangzhou.
At the back of the hall, there is a 2-storied building on each side. In the backyard are planted over 70 species of trees and flowers. Among them a kapok tree is already over 300 hundred years old and the two magnolia trees on both sides of the garden are over 70 years old These two mognolia trees are the oldest magolia trees in Guangzhou and have grown up to 90 centimeters in diameter, each giving a shade of over 200 square meters.
The magnificent Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall was designed by a young Chinese architect, by the name of Lu Yan-zhi, who was born in Tianjin, graduated from the Qinghua University in Beijing and later studied architecture in the Cornell University in the USA. He died of lung cancer in 1929, at the age of 36, before the hall was completed.